Saturday, May 3, 2014

Dechiphering India VIX valuation in this Election Mania : Part I

Hello Friends,


I am writing this blog to familiarise you with perceived values of VIX around election time, Also I will try to bust some myths on VIX , Highlight Some characteristics in India VIX and I will try to also highlight some distortion in VIX calculations by NSE.

This will be a long write up and Hence I will break it in 3 Parts.

VIX refers to perceived Volatility for next 30 days. But In recent days to the Run up of Election results we discovered that VIX futures has jumped from around 1300/- to 4000/- and now quoting at around 3300/-.
There is huge volatility in this futures and also there lies lack of idea about pricing of VIX to common public.

If we look at VIX futures, Near week and 2nd Week VIX futures are quoting at premium and far week futures is quoting at a steep Discount.
Instrument Symbol Expiry Date                 LTP
Vol. Futures INDIAVIX 06-May-14 3363
Vol. Futures INDIAVIX 13-May-14 3440
Vol. Futures INDIAVIX 20-May-14 2323.75

Please read my previous blog  (Here) on VIX for basics.

We can see 13, May Futures quoting at 3440/- and 20th May Futures quoting at 2323.75/-, which is at a steep discount ? I am sure we all know that Election results in India are on 16th May, So The volatility will be high before the election and than It should fall after the election results

VIX is calculated using  2 months Out-of-Money Options Implied Volatility (IV) and as days pass, Next month IV starts getting higher weightage in VIX and Near Month IV. So if you may think that VIX will go up before election, but the Question is " How up VIX can go before Election ?"

I don't have that answer, But what I can help you with is scenario analysis for valuation of VIX. The value of  VIX on or after 16 may will be based on election results, But 13th May contract is also important because There will be buildup of expectation of Election outcome which will be priced in the IV. Also the Exit Polls will be out on 12, May evening.

As Discussed VIX is calculate using 2 months IV, Calculating composite IV of all OTM calls and Puts is tedious process and not easy to compute, so for simplicity you can take approx IV of 3 strikes of OTM calls and Puts of Nifty. (Beware There are pitfalls in doing this, and we can be easily wrong, but It can still be used in current scenario as it would be the simples for common traders. Caution expected.

We also know that IV will go up to go down based on perception of outcome, but How VIX move? IF u can calculate approx IV of May and June Options, I will put in the scenario of valuation based of Expected IV.

Please note that June IV is lesser that May IV because of election results and June IV will tend to fall further after results. But Before results May IV will tend to go up and June IV will follow, but It will be far lower than May IV.

Please find the price of VIX on 13th May based on Scenarios of IV of May and June.

May IV  June IV VIX Weightage of June IV
34% 25% 27.71 59.89%
35% 26% 28.68 60.28%
36% 27% 29.67 60.74%
37% 28% 30.66 61.16%
38% 29% 31.65 61.56%
39% 30% 32.64 61.94%
40% 31% 33.64 62.29%
41% 32% 34.63 62.62%
42% 33% 35.62 62.93%

Please see the expected value of VIX on 13th May, 3014 based on Expected Volatility Scenarios. Though May IV can go up, but VIX may not go up in same ratio. because of weightage of June IV will be higher.

I am giving this value based on perception that IV of June will be significantly lower than May, Which is also vindicated because 20th May VIX is Quoting at a significant discount.

To Sum it, Though IV of May may go high but VIX may not follow. This is based on my perception which I have discussed and valuation based on that perception.

In Next Part I will discuss the Scenarios for Settlement of VIX on 20th May, 2014.

This is not a recommendation to anybody whatsoever to buy OR sell this share, but it is my thought process and views on this topic.

I welcome your critical comments and suggestions.

PS : I intend taking position in VIX.


Wednesday, February 12, 2014

Understanding the Basics for Trading VIX in India

Do Visit my Blog on Macro Topics to learn more on Volatility Index Trading in India.

VIX futures is being introduced in India from 26th Feb, 2014.



(HERE) or  
http://gandhijigam.blogspot.in


Regards

Jigam Gandhi

Monday, February 10, 2014

Arbitrage Opprtunity in Sterling Holiday Resorts ?

On 8th Feb, 2013, Thomas Cook and Sterling Holiday Resorts announced a merger.

The Structure of the deal is  (Here), (Here)
a) Thomas Cook will buy shares from promoters and some FII @ Rs 98/-.
b) Thomas Cook will also subscribe to preferential allotment @ 90/-
c) Thomas Cook will also make open offer to minority shareholders to the tune of 26% @ Rs 98/-

After the Closure of open offer, Sterling Holiday Resort will be merged in Thomas Cook in the ration of 120 sh of Thomas Cook for every 100 shares of Sterling Holiday Resorts.

The CMP of Thomas Cook is Rs  83.50/- and CMP of Sterling Holiday is Rs 93.20/-.

The Theoretical acceptance ration is 50.80%,  But almost 15.58% (Post Preferential Allotment(Current20.30 %)) of Stake will be held by Ace Investors of India (Damani and Jhunjhunwala and such).

The Practical acceptance ratio should be more than 65%, and If Ace Investors choose to become shareholders of Thomas cook, The acceptance ration can be more than 90 %.

Sterling Holidays

Also the conversion rate of Thomas Cook from Sterling Holiday comes to Rs 77.70/-.

How can I do arbitrage :

1) If I am holding the shares of Thomas Cook and you intend to be a long term Investor then, You can directly sell shares of Thomas Cook and Buy Sterling Holidays, Based on merger Ratio.

2) I can buy shares of Sterling Holiday (Cmp Rs 93.20/-), Sell shares in Open Offer (@ 65% acceptance), The Cost of residual shares of Sterling Holiday would be Rs 84.30. Therefore the conversion rate of Thomas Cook, Post Open Offer would be Rs 70.25.

Also there is an inbuilt call option, Because if the rate of Thomas Cook goes up before the date of open Offer, The Price of Sterling Holiday may go up because of merger ratio.

It will also be interesting to see, how ace investors takes the offer ? More money can be made, if they believe in Thomas Cook and opt for Merger.

Also there is a probability, that price of Thomas Cook may fall, Please refer the valuation discussed by Respected Prof Sanjay Bakshi (Here)

What are the impediments in the deal and How much time it would take ?

a) The deal needs nod from Shareholders and also Minority Shareholder. (Not unlikely that It will be blocked)

b) The companies may need permission from CCI (No issue as such)

c) The Companies may need permission from Stake holder and SEBI which is not an issue. No permission is required from FIPB or  CCEA as the open offer is from Indian Subsidiary.

d) The timeline for open offer would be around 75 day to 90 days, and the merger may take more than 6 months.

I believe buying shares of Sterling Holidays will give handsome returns. 

This is not a recommendation to anybody whatsoever to buy OR sell this share, but it is my thought process and views on this topic.

I welcome your critical comments and suggestions.

PS : I intend taking position in the stock


Tuesday, January 21, 2014

Alert : Palred Technologies Limited (Formerly Foursoft Ltd)

Further To my Post on Special Situation in Four-soft (Here),There are several Corporate development in the company (Here).

a) The Company is merging "Pal Premium Online Media Pvt. Ltd", (Here) A web development company with itself. It is worth noting that CMD of the company is also a stake holder in Pal Premium Online Media Pvt. Ltd, It can be termed as a related party transaction. Palred is yet to appoint the merchant bankers for the merger, but the terms of merger is also not known.

b) The Company is also by an Internet Marketing Portal "Deals15.com" from  "Premium Web Services Private Limited". Here also the terms of acquisition is not known.

Because of the above development, I await clarity on company's intention of return of capital to shareholders of Rs 29/-(Here). There can be increase in capital because of merger. Also the outflow on purchase of Deal15.com is not know.

Based on these development, my idea of earning a decent return in Four-soft may not hold true. I guess we should avoid it as of now.

There is also a probability that company returns the capital as planned, before the merger (Merger if it happens will take some time.) and the investor may still get the return.

But I will avoid the uncertainties.

This is not a recommendation to anybody whatsoever to buy OR sell this share, but it is my thought process and views on this topic.

I welcome your critical comments and suggestions.

PS : I had taken position in stock.

Monday, January 6, 2014

A Blind Bet : Hovs Services Ltd

Hovs Services Ltd (HOVS) is engaged in providing BPO and KPO Services (Here).

HOVS Ltd.


It is a profit making company, with an EPS of Rs 1.14/- for 2012 on standalone basis, and EPS of Rs 3.91/- on consolidated basis, The CMP of stock is 96.30. (Here)

If we look at the business model of BPO and KPO of HOVS, we may find that the price of stock is little stretched, but unlike small IT companies, They don't have debt, but they have an investment in SourceHov LLC (Here).

SourceHOV, with approximately $525 million in revenue, is a mid-size BPO and KPO firm serving customers in more than half of the Fortune 100 companies with domain expertise in document centric applications in health care payers and providers, finance and banking, public sector, publishing, legal, insurance, manufacturing and commercial industries, including specialised consulting services for construction management, tax benefits, legal claims settlements and economic consultancy.

The company counts over 12,600 employees operating from over 80 delivery centres in six countries including the US, Mexico, Canada, India, China and the Philippines (Here)Citi Venture Capital International (CVCI) owns 65% stake in the company,HOV Services has 27.2% interest in the company.

Also Read (Here),(Here),(Here) to understand SourceHOVS LLC past M&A transaction.

Recently it was quoted in newspaper that CVCI was looking to exit HOVS LLC, and the rumoured asking price was around $ 1.20 billion (Here), Then there was a new grapevine that CVCI has appointed Morgan Stanley for sale of SourceHovs LLC, and they have got the bids at $1 Billion. (Here) (Here).

Till here there was no communication from HOVS about its 27.2 % stake in SourceHovs LLC. HOVS holds the stake in the company via its 100 % US subsidiary (Here), HOVS had on 28th Oct, 2013 had intimated that it has a step down subsidiary, which holds 27.20 % stake in SourceHovs LLC (Here), and the rumour for sale in media may be true only for CVCI. 

But on 1st Jan,2014, HOVS informed stock exchanges about the appointment of Morgan Stanley & Co LLC by SourceHOV LLC to explore various strategic options. The Company through its US based wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) owns stake in SourceHOV LLC. also it further said that such appointment of Morgan Stanley & Co LLC has been approved by SourceHOV on December 29, 2013 and the Company is now intimating the Stock Exchange (Here).

By now it is clear that HOVS holds 27.20 % stake in SourceHovs LLC and some strategic options like sale, Placements may take place. Also believing  rumour in print media that CVCI wants to exit cannot be ruled out it is a PE player and they are always open to buying and selling at right price. Also the tentative figures can range from  $800 million to $1.20 billion, with some news report of bid at $ 1.00 billion.

Now if we consider that HOVS is entitled to 27.20 % of the booty, it that would be the vale of its stake, The amount comes to around $ 272 Million (Considering the price of a billion). That comes to value of Rs 1632 Crores($1 = Rs 60). The market cap of HOVS as of now is Rs 120 Crores.

Assuming that company is able to sell its stake in SourceHovs at a billion dollar, or SourcesHovs is able to get a valuation of Billion dollar, The vale of HOVS stake would be huge, It converts up to Rs 1300 per Share. Also if it is able to sell the stake it may realise at least 1300 Crores after taxes, which will be converted at Rs 1045/- per share. 

There is no stake sale which has happened yet, but there are confirmation from the company about its strategic options and there lies probabilities of the event happening, also if the stake sale does not happen in near futures, we at least got to understand the value of its investments

With CMP of 96.30, and with expectation of big valuation of almost more than Rs 1000 /- per share in SoureHovs LLC. Along with its standalone business in India, I believe the share is available at a deep discount to its derived value (There should be some discounting of holding company but not at 90 %)

If the sale happen, we can expect a hefty dividend, (Promoters hold almost 50 %,) along with some 11 % held by Technocrats, who may ask for dividends along with public.

The Risk reward ratio in buying the stock is favourable and market may take a very long time to discover it fair value.

I would also qualify that I have worked on the valuation parameters of the deal only, and I have not yet seen the pattern of corporate Governance in Company. I have not seen in detail about the background of promoters except that They hold office in SourceHovs LLC. Also all major Investors and Promoters are related here (Here).

This is not a recommendation to anybody whatsoever to buy OR sell this share, but it is my thought process and views on this company.

I welcome your critical comments and suggestions.

PS : I have some position in the stock, So I can be Biased.


Thursday, December 19, 2013

Rationalisation of Rules in Periodic Call Auctions for Illiquid Scrips


Today SEBI came out with revised guidelines for Periodic Call Auction (PCAS) in equity market (Here).

Lets discuss some stocks which may make a comeback in normal segment from PCAS segment.

But before that Please refer (here) to understand the changes in PCAS Segment.

I believe more than 65% of stocks(415) which are there in PCAS segment in NSE will come out and 50 % of the BSE stocks(2337).


NSE - National Stock Exchange of India Ltd.


I believe that there will be a new price discovery in quality stock which will come out of PCAS.

Some Major stocks which can come out of PCAS segment, and which may have positive impact on its price are 

AHLEAST
AHLWEST
AMBIKCO
AUTOLITIND
BHARATGEAR
DENORA
EON
HINDCOMPOS
HINDNATGLS
HINDUJAFO
IGARASHI
IMPAL
ITDCEM
JBMA
JMTAUTOLTD
KAKATCEM
KALYANIFRG
KICL
KIRLOSIND
LUMAXAUTO
MOTOGENFIN
NIPPOBATRY
NSIL
PAEL
PHOENIXLL
PILANIINV
PIONDIST
PLASTIBLEN
PUNJABCHEM
RAIREKMOH
RANEENGINE
REVATHI
RSYSTEMS
RUPA
SUTLEJTEX
UNITEDTEA
WENDT
WILLAMAGOR  

The List is not exhaustive . Also Please note that may stocks which are out of PCAS can still be traded to trade to trade basis.


This is not a recommendation to anybody whatsoever to buy OR sell this share, but it is my thought process and views on this topic.

I welcome your critical comments and suggestions.

PS : I don't have any positions in any of the stock mentioned above, except for Pioneer Distilleries Ltd.